Barking drum



May 27, 1941.-- A. G. JoHANssoN Erm. 2243531.-

B ARKINQ DRUM Filed Nov. 5*. 1938 2 sheets-sheet 1 May 27 1941 A.@.JoHANssoN ETA; 2,243,631

BARKING DRUM Filed'Nov. s,A 193s `2 sheets-sheet 2 Patented May 27, 1941BARKING DRUM Axel Gustaf Johansson, Nalden, Alfred Mauritz Isidor Gidlf,Ljusne, Sten Bergstrm, Stockholm, and Bror Manne Olsson, Nalden, SwedenApplication November 3, 1938, Serial No. 238,694 In Sweden November 13,1937 (Cl. D14-268) Claims.

In barking drums (bark removing drums) as hithereto known, which aremounted on guayac wood blocks or blocks from other suitable materialarranged in a vat lled With water, the disadvantage is met with that anysand, gravel and other rubbish present in the water deposits between theguayac wood blocks and the slide rings of the barking drum properruiming in contact with the same, so as to cause great wear of theguayac wood blocks as well as of the slide rings.

But also disregarding whether such particles enter between thecontacting surfaces of the drum and the parts carrying the same, thewear becomes great on account of the greatV Weight of the drum.

The present invention refers to arrangements aiming at reducing or atpractically eliminating the wear of the parts in question, even in suchcases Where the drum is carried, entirely or in part, by means ofrollers or the like.

The accompanying drawings illustrate a plurality of embodiments of theinvention. Figs. l-S show the iirst embodiment, Fig. 1 showing alongitudinal section of the barking drum, Fig. 2 a cross sectionthereof, and Fig. 3 a detail to a larger scale. Fig. 3a is a detailedView of a modification of the upper end of the arc-shaped drumsupporting blocks of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 shows a modification of the detail accordingto Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 shows a Ibarking drum provided with another embodiment of theinvention, in elevation and partly in section on line V-V in Fig.v 6.Fig. 6' shows a section on line VI-VI in Fig. 5.

According to Figs. 1-4, the contrivance consists of two or more rings irigidly arranged about the drum A, said rings being provided withsliding surfaces 2 running on guayac wood rails 3 shaped on the lines ofcircular arcs, said rings being secured, for instance, each in a rail 4inserted into the bottom of the vat B, these rails 4 being also shapedon the lines of circular arcs. Each rail 3 is preferably made integral.To bring the drum A into rotation, there is secured a toothed ring 8 tothe same, which ring is driven by means of a pinion 9.

The rails 3, the sliding surfaces of which adjoin the sliding surfaces2, have such an extension in the peripheral direction that the endportions I6 and il thereof will be located above the water level I4, theentry of gravel, sand, bark and the like between the sliding surface 2of the ring land the sliding surface 5 of the guaya'c Wood rail 3 beingrenderedy more difficult.

Provided in the sliding surface 5 of each rail 3 is a groove 6communicating with a hydraulic pump or the like '26 through a pressureconduit l for Water or other liquid. The object of this groove 6 is thatthe pressure liquid forced into the same shall bring about an upwardlydirected pressure on the sliding surface 2 as well as scavenging of thesliding surfaces. 4In order that such scavenging of the sliding surfacesshall beenabled to take place the arrangement must of course be suchthat pressure liquid departs from the grooves 6 to the vat past thesliding surfaces. No particles of bark, sand and so forth can then enterbetween the sliding rails 3 and the sliding surfaces 2 of the drumrings. Simultaneously as liquid is supplied to the vat and scavanges thesliding surfaces the upward pressure thus obtained on the rings -lreduces the bearing pressure on the guayac Wood sliding surfaces 5 `toan appreciable extent, whereby the friction losses will also be reduced.With suitably selected dimensions for the grooves 6 and a reasonablylarge quantity of the liquid forced in and a reasonable pressurethereon, a great portion of the Weight of the drum may practically beycarried by the pressure medium, whereby the consumption of power ismaterially lessened. The arrangement in question for unloading thepressure of the drum on the parts supporting Vthe'same may also beapplied in barking drums adapted to be driven and supported in someother Way, for instance in barking drums bearing at the bottom or at thetop on rollers, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6. It is possible, for eX-ample, to'p'rovide the drum with a plurality of rings extending adjacentto other annular stationary members, the construction being then suchthat one or more intermediate spaces will be produced between the ringsrotating with the drumand the rigid rings, which spaces may be broughtinto communication with a pressure conduit.

Thus according to the invention one or .more intermediate spaces betweensurfaces arranged on the drum, on the one hand, and surfaces of partsbeside the drum not participating in the rotary movement, on the otherhand, are in communication with a conduit for a pressure medium, thearrangement being such that, when a pressure medium (i. e. liquid, air,steam or other gaseous medium under pressure) is introduced into this orthese intermediate spaces, the

vpressure of the drum on the supporting part or parts supporting thesame is reduced. It will be understood that the grooves or spaces forthe pressure medium may be provided in the rotary sliding surfaceinstead of in the stationary surm face, or in both. On one or both ringsI may be arranged a rigid guide edge I2 and a guide flange I3 adapted tobe adjusted upon wear, an axial mounting of the drum being thusobtained, as shown in Fig. 4. 'Ihe operation of the drum may preferablybe arranged in a manner such that the rotary movement of the pinion 9has such a direction that the tooth pressure of the pinion 9 and thetooth ring 8 results in an upwardly directed force, which tends to liftthe drum. from the guayac wood slide rails 3. l y

In special cases, it may besufcient, if Vonly the one ends of thesliding surfaces (depending on the direction of rotation of the drum)'reach' above the water level in the vat.

a great portion, preferably between 120 and 180 of the periphery of thedrum, as shown in the f According to the embodiment shown in Figs. 5 and6, the mounting and supporting members for the drum A consist oftwopairsof rollers 29 provided on the lower side ofthe drumandco-operating with the rings 3I 'secured to the drum. Near each end ofthe drum there is provided a contrivance serving with the aid of apressure medium to reduce the pressure ofthe drum on the rollers. Thiscontrivance consists of a ring-34 secured on the drum, an intermediatespace 31 being provided between saidring 34 and a rail or the like 36arranged beneath the drum and secured to the foundation vor to the watercontainer l temperature, such as hot air, be used as pressure 39 of thering 34 or preferably Vby means of an f .intermediate packing. The rail36, which is seen to lie in the water in the container, extends,however, with its end portions for a distance above the water level, andit is provided with inwardly Projecting flanges or the like 4D at ornear the ends thereof, which flanges do not, however, reach as far as tothe' ring 34. The pressure space 31, to which the pressure medium'issupplied through the conduit 4I, is, in other Words, restricted at theends of the rails 3S, so that'the resistance to the exit of the pressureVmedium from the pressure space is increased at these end portions. .Y

If the pressure space is made very narrow, that is to say, if thedistance between the ring 34and r.the rail 36 is very'small, forinstance all over not greater than the distance between the flanges 40and the ring 34, obviously no such flanges are required.

Thus it should be readily understod that when- 'the only carryingmembers for the drumthe latter consequently onlyhas to overcomefrollingfriction (disregarding the very small'frictionbetween 38 and 34) whenrotating, but such rolling friction is reduced to a considerable extent,or is eliminated almost altogethenwhenthe pressure `:medium is caused toact inthe pressure space 31.

Thus the rollers will be saved in an appreciable degree, so that therisk of their becoming destroyed is believed to be altogethereliminated, while their life is enormously increased.

If liquid be used as pressure medium, it is preferred to employ awarmed-up liquid, so that, perhaps, no other spraying of warm liquidover the timber need be undertaken beyond that escaping from thepressure spaces.

If steam or other gaseous medium of a high medium, the latter may, onhaving escaped from the pressurespace (pressure spaces), be utilized Atoheat the liquid in the container. In the embodiment according to Figs. 1and 2, for example, the hot pressure medium may then escape through neholes or apertures directly into the water in the container beneath thesurface of the water.

The restriction of the pressure spaces at the end portions of the railsor blocksin the various embodimentsshould, asia rule, be such that theintermediate space between the throttlingilanges 40 and the oppositesurfaces will only be a frac- .tion of a millimetre, for instance one ora few tenths of a *millimetre, If desired, the flanges may also beartightly against the opposite surfaces in all of the embodiments shown,and fine outlet openings for the pressure liquid may be arranged inother places of the walls of the pressure space. Even -if no specialarrangementsbe undertaken to bring about such exit openings, thepressure medium is believed to find its Way out of the pressure spacebetween surfaces of the walls limiting the pressure space, such surfacesmoving relatively to each other. By the fact that the rings or the likeon the drum, which form the limiting surfaces of the pressure spaces,have a small extension in the vlongitudinal direction of the drum,thebark may, as ordinarily in drums of the type illustrated, escapebetween the rods, beams or the like, out of which the drum body properis composed.

What we claim is:

1 In an apparatus for removing bark from wood, the combination of a`rotatable barking drum to receive the wood to be barked, a tankforretaining a liquid in which said Idrum'is partially immersed, said drumhaving perforated sides and carrying spaced tires arranged about androtating with the drum, means for supporting said drum in said tankincluding arc-shaped Ysupporting members conforming Yto said tires,

said members having bearing surfaces in said liquid in sliding contactwith saidtires, pressure spaces between said surfaces and Vsaidtires-and means for supplying fluid under suicient pressure tosaidspaces to materially reduce friction losses-and-to prevent entrance ofdirt from said liquid into said-bearing surfaces.

2. In an apparatus for removing bark from wood, the -combination of arotatable .barking drum to receive the wood to be barked, a tank forretaining a liquidin whichrsaid drum is partially immersed, said drumhavingvperforated sides and carrying spaced tires arrangedA about androtating with the drum, arc-shaped supporting members conforming to saidtires for sustaining the weight ofsaid drum, said members having bearingsurfaces in saidfliquidin` sliding contact with saidtires, one end ofsaid bearing surfaces .being located at least'up to the level of thekliquid inthe tank, pressure spaces between saidsurfaces and saidtires.-andmeans for supplying fluid under sufficient pressure to said' 'spacesto materially reduce friction losses and to prevent entrance of dirtfrom said liquid into said bearing surfaces.

3. In an apparatus for removing bark from Wood, the combination of arotatable barking drum to receive the Wood to be barked, a tank forretaining a liquid in which said drum is partially immersed, said drumhaving perforated sides and carrying spaced tires arranged about androtating with the drum, arc-shaped supporting members conforming to saidtires for sustaining tlie Weight of said drum. said members havingbearing surfaces in said liquid in sliding contact with said tires, theends of said bearing surfaces being located at least up to the level ofthe liquid in the tank, pressure spaces between said surfaces and saidtires, and means for supplying fluid under sufficient pressure to saidspaces to materially reduce friction losses and to prevent entrance ofdirt from said liquid into said bearing surfaces.

4. In an apparatus for removing bark from Wood, the combination of arotatable barking drum to receive the Wood to be barked, said drumhaving perforated sides and being provided with tires rotating with thedrum and having bearing surfaces, a tank adapted to contain a liquid inwhich said drum is partially immersed, a supporting device forsustaining the Weight of the drum, said device being located in saidtank and having arc-shaped Wood members having bearing surfaces in saidliquid in sliding contact with said tires, the last-named bearingsurfaces which present a large extension in the peripheral direction, ata maximum of 180, extending from a point located above the level of theliquid in the tank on one side of the drum to a point located above saidliquid level on the other side of the drum, and means for supplyingfluid under sufcient pressure to said spaces to materially reducefriction losses and to prevent entrance of dirt from said liquid intosaid bearing surfaces.

5. In an apparatus for removing bark from Wood, the combination of arotatable barking drum to receive the Wood to be barked, a tank forretaining a liquid in which said drum is partially immersed, said drumhaving perforated sides and carrying spaced tires arranged about androtating with the drum, arc-shaped supporting members conforming to saidtires for sustaining the weight of said drum, said members havingbearing surfaces in said liquid in sliding contact with said tires,pressure spaces between said surfaces and said tires, and means forsupplying uid under sufficient pressure to said spaces to materiallyreduce friction losses and to prevent entrance of dirt from said liquidinto said bearing surfaces, said pressure spaces being constrieted atthe ends.

AXEL GUSTAF J OHANSSON.

ALFRED MAURITZ ISIDOR GIDLF.

' STEN BERGSTRM.

BROR MANNE oLsso-N.

